The Accademia di Belle Arti di Bologna ("academy of fine arts of Bologna") is a public tertiary academy of fine art in Bologna, in Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy. It has a campus in Cesena.

Giorgio Morandi taught engraving at the Accademia for more than 25 years.

The earliest art academy documented in Bologna was the Accademia dei Desiderosi, later known as the Accademia degli Incamminati, founded in or before 1582 by Ludovico, Agostino and Annibale Carracci, and sometimes known also as the Accademia dei Carracci.

In 1706, Giampietro Zanotti and other artists met at Palazzo Fava to establish a new academy. The Accademia dei Pittori was inaugurated in the house of Luigi Ferdinando Marsili on 2 January 1710; the statute was approved by pope Clement XI in October 1711, and the academy took the name Accademia Clementina. It became part of the Istituto delle Scienze e Arti Liberali, founded with the support of the pope by Marsili on 12 December 1711, which in 1714 changed its name to Accademia delle scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna. The Accademia Clementina occupied one floor of Palazzo Poggi, at that time known as Palazzo Cellesi; the Accademia delle Scienze was on the floor above, and the Specola, or astronomical observatory, above that.

Carlo Cignani and Donato Creti taught at the Accademia Clementina, as did three members of the Galli family of set designers from Bibbiena in the Casentino: Ferdinando, Francesco and Giuseppe. Other artists associated with the academy include Vittorio Bigari, Gaetano Gandolfi, Ercole Lelli, Francesco Rosaspina and Angelo Venturoli.

The Accademia Clementina was suppressed in 1796 after the Napoleonic invasion of Italy